All Services / PGT

Preimplantation
Genetic Testing

Embryo Genetic Analysis

Before an embryo is transferred, genetic testing can identify the healthiest candidates — reducing miscarriage risk, improving implantation rates, and offering peace of mind about inherited conditions.

What Is PGT?

Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a laboratory procedure performed on embryos created through IVF before transfer to the uterus. A small number of cells are biopsied from the blastocyst and sent to a genetics laboratory for analysis.

PGT allows IRFC's physicians to select the embryo most likely to result in a healthy, ongoing pregnancy — and to avoid transferring embryos with chromosomal or genetic abnormalities that would lead to failed implantation, miscarriage, or an affected child.

Why chromosomal errors matter

Chromosomal abnormalities are the most common cause of failed IVF implantation and early miscarriage. Their frequency increases significantly with maternal age:

Under 35 ~20–25% of embryos affected
Age 35–37 ~40% of embryos affected
Age 38–40 ~50–60% of embryos affected
Over 40 ~70–80% of embryos affected

Estimates based on published ART literature. Individual results vary.

Types of PGT at IRFC

PGT-A

Aneuploidy Screening

Tests embryos for the correct number of chromosomes (46 total). Chromosomal errors (aneuploidy) are the leading cause of IVF failure and miscarriage — especially in women over 35. PGT-A identifies euploid (chromosomally normal) embryos for transfer.

Best for: Advanced maternal age, recurrent pregnancy loss, repeated IVF failure

PGT-M

Monogenic Disease Testing

Screens embryos for specific single-gene disorders — such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, BRCA mutations, Huntington's disease, and hundreds of others — when one or both parents are known carriers.

Best for: Known carriers of a specific inherited condition

PGT-SR

Structural Rearrangement

Identifies chromosomal structural changes (translocations, inversions) that can cause IVF failure or recurrent miscarriage, even when one parent is a balanced carrier with no apparent health impact.

Best for: Couples with a known chromosomal structural rearrangement

PGT Questions

Does PGT guarantee a healthy baby?

PGT significantly reduces the risk of specific chromosomal or genetic conditions — but it cannot screen for all possible abnormalities. It is an important risk-reduction tool, not an absolute guarantee. Your physician will discuss realistic expectations.

How is the embryo biopsy performed?

At the blastocyst stage (day 5–6), an embryologist uses a laser to remove a small number of trophectoderm cells (which become the placenta, not the baby). The embryo is then frozen while biopsy results are awaited. Studies confirm this process does not harm the embryo.

How long does PGT take?

Biopsy results typically return within 10–14 days. Your physician will review results with you and recommend which embryos are best suited for transfer.

Does PGT improve success rates?

For appropriate candidates, yes — particularly women over 35, those with recurrent miscarriage, or those with prior IVF failures. By selecting chromosomally normal embryos, PGT-A reduces miscarriage risk and improves implantation rates per transfer.

What happens to embryos that don't pass PGT?

Embryos with detected abnormalities are not transferred. Patients may choose to discard them, donate them to research, or in some cases, discuss options with genetic counselors and their physician.

Know Before You Transfer

PGT is a powerful tool for the right patients. Our physicians will help you determine whether it makes sense for your situation.